What is a virtual private server (VPS)?

A virtual private server (VPS) is a hosting environment that simulates a dedicated server environment within a physical server. The physical server is virtualized into multiple independent units using software. Each unit is its own private server, but it shares the resources on the parent server. 
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How does VPS hosting work?

VPS hosting uses a parent server to host multiple virtual servers separated from each other. Hypervisor software is added to the parent server, which creates a virtual layer on top of the operating system (OS). The virtualization software then separates the virtual resources into instances. This separation allows each user to install their OS and software, creating a private server separated from others at the OS level.
VPS replicates many properties of a physical server, with similar processes and functionality. Despite acting like a physical server, it’s the virtualization software that emulates dedicated hardware.

VPS vs shared hosting

VPS isn’t the only type of hosting, so how does it compare to two of the other most common?
Shared hosting is when multiple websites share resources on the same server. Those resources are distributed based on the demand and current traffic of websites on the same server.
VPS hosting is a step up from shared hosting in many ways, because assigning resources to each client creates predictable performance and better security.

VPS vs dedicated hosting

Dedicated hosting is when you are the sole owner and user of a physical server. Every resource and every ounce of horsepower is dedicated to your projects.
That means that dedicated hosting provides improved security, control, and performance. But it usually comes a bigger initial investment, since users pay for the entire physical machine.

Overview

Benefits of VPS hosting

VPS hosting is more reliable, secure, and flexible than shared web hosting. It’s also generally most cost-effective than renting an entire dedicated server.

Use cases for VPS hosting

A VPS can be used for website or application hosting. They are great solutions for almost any sized website or ecommerce site. A VPS can also secure applications like email, file sharing, and knowledge bases. Finally, VPS is a favorite solution for game hosting.

Cost of VPS hosting

VPS hosting can cost anywhere from $5/month to $100/month, depending on the resources assigned to your virtual machine, the hosting provider you choose, and the level of technical support and service you need.

Level of expertise required

A working knowledge of servers and IT security is necessary to manage and maintain a VPS well. However, some providers also offer managed VPS hosting services, which means the host takes care of the technical stuff for you.

Want to learn more?

Don’t miss our Complete Beginner’s Guide to VPS